Objective:To investigate the predictive value of miR-499 expression in peripheral blood of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in short-term prognosis. Methods:A total of 218 AMI patients were divided into good prognosis group (n=178) and poor prognosis group (n=40) according to the occurrence of major cardiovascular adverse events 90 days after admission. A total of 100 healthy volunteers who received physical examination during the same period were used as control group. The miR-499 expression level in peripheral blood between good and poor prognosis group was compared. ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of miR-499 expression in peripheral blood for poor short-term prognosis in patients with AMI. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for poor short-term prognosis in AMI patients. Results:The miR-499 expression level in peripheral blood of AMI patients was higher than that of control group(P<0. 01),and expression of patients with poor prognosis group was higher than that of patients with good prognosis group (P<0. 01). The results of ROC curve showed that the optimal cut-off value of miR-499 expression level in peripheral blood for predicting poor short-term prognosis of AMI patients was 0. 775,AUC was 0. 823 ( 95%CI:0. 753-0.892),corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 71. 11% and 70. 00%,respectively. Logistic regression analysis found that preoperative Killip grade≥Ⅱ,higher preoperative CK-MB peak,and the expression level of miR-499 in peripheral blood>0. 775 were independent risk factors for poor short-term prognosis in AMI patients (P<0. 05). Conclusions:High expression level of miR-499 in early peripheral blood of AMI patients after admission is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis,and has early predictive value for poor prognosis.