Objective:To investigate the relationship between work-family support and nurses' mental health and the chain mediating role of career adaptability and positive coping style based on career construction theory and career adaptation model. Methods:Using a convenience sampling method,nurses from 25 general hospitals in Anhui province were selected as the study population. The general information questionnaire,work-family support scale,career adaptability scale,simple coping style scale,and mental health scale were used to investigate 674 study participants,and the chain mediation model was constructed and tested. Results:The 674 nurses had a total score of (105. 42±23. 03) points for work-family support,(87. 72±15. 56) points for career adaptability,(37. 02±6. 40) points for bositive coping style,and (25. 23±9. 36) points for mental health. Work-family support was significantly positively correlated with career adaptability and positive coping style and negatively correlated with mental health (P<0. 01). Career adaptability was significantly positively correlated with positive coping style (P<0. 01) and negatively correlated with mental health (P<0. 01). positive coping style was significantly negatively related to mental health (P<0. 01). Career adaptability and positive coping style of nurses played a chain mediating role between work-family support and mental health. Conclusions:The mental health of nurses is affected by internal and external factors and there is an urgent need for various psychological services to improve the mental health of nurses in a timely manner. Nursing managers need to continually enhance nurses' career adaptability and positive coping style,with a particular focus on family and organizational support.