首页|背逆归顺:《魏书》对入北南臣的形象构建及评价

背逆归顺:《魏书》对入北南臣的形象构建及评价

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入北南臣是指原本仕于东晋南朝,后归附北朝,政治立场发生转变的南方臣子.《魏书》从维护北朝正统性的角度出发构建入北南臣形象,主要书写内容包括"复仇形象"和"扬武抑文"两个方面.塑造"复仇形象"是为了凸显北南统治者的霄壤之别,在对比中巩固北魏的正统地位.强调"扬武抑文"则是史家奉北为正朔的观念投射,同时也蕴藏着鲜卑统治者缄之于心却无法宣之于口的自卑感,而南臣的投效恰逢其时地满足了鲜卑政权被认可的需要.因此,在《魏书》的评价体系中,"归诚之功"也取代其他功业成为评价入北南臣的核心标准,入北南臣的形象构建最终成为彰显北朝"膺箓受图"正统所在的重要载体.
Reverse Obedience:the Image Construction and Evaluation of South Officials to the North in Wei Shu
The term"south officials to the north"refers to the south officials who was originally in the East Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasty,then subordinated to the Northern Dynasty,and changed their political stance.From the point of view of maintaining the legitimacy of the Northern Dynasty,Wei Shu constructs the image of south officials to the north,which mainly includes two aspects:"revenge image"and"promoting military force and suppressing literature".The"revenge image"was created to highlight the difference between the rulers of the north and the south,and to consolidate the orthodox position of the Northern Wei in comparison.The emphasis on"promoting military force and suppressing literature"is the idea projection that historians regard the north as their legitimacy,and it also contains the national inferiority feeling that Xianbei rulers keep in their hearts but cannot declare in their mouths.Therefore,in the evaluation system of Wei Shu,"Guicheng merit"also replaced other achievements to become the core standard for evaluating south officials to the north,and the image construction eventually became an important carrier to highlight the orthodoxy of"false account by picture"in the Northern Dynasty.

Wei Shusouth officials to the northhistorical writinglegitimacy

马翊恬、王琪琳

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郑州大学历史学院,河南郑州 450001

《魏书》 入北南臣 历史书写 正统性

2025

保定学院学报
保定学院

保定学院学报

影响因子:0.289
ISSN:1674-2494
年,卷(期):2025.38(1)