甲型和乙型流感病毒(Influenza A and B viruses,IAV,IBV)作为季节性流感的主要病原体,在人和动物中流行可造成较高的发病率和死亡率.目前,接种疫苗仍然是预防和控制流感最有效的方法.流感疫苗接种主要是诱导产生病毒中和抗体来抵抗流行毒株对机体的侵染.随着对流感病毒与机体免疫系统研究的不断深入,特异性T细胞免疫反应在预防流感病毒侵染机体过程中发挥的作用越来越被学者所关注.因此,明确机体特异性CD4+和CD8+T细胞抗流感病毒侵染的作用机制,并了解对其作用有影响的各种因素,这将有助于科研人员在流感疫苗设计过程中更加兼顾新型疫苗在激活特异性T细胞反应性能上的提升,为设计出可诱导强大、广谱而持久免疫活性的新型流感疫苗提供依据.
Effects of CD4+/CD8+T Cell Responses in Anti-influenza Virus
Serving as the important pathogens for seasonal influenza,influenza A virus(IAV)and IBV pose threats to public health and result in morbidity and mortality at high levels.Up to date,vaccine strategy remains the most effective way to prevent and control influenza infection.Previously,the main target of designing vaccine just aimed at the strong induction of specific neutralizing antibodies against influenza virus.Following the deep research on the interplay between influenza virus and immune system,more and more evidences showed that specific T cell responses played the important roles in antiviral activities against influenza infection.Thus,determining the mechanisms of T cell responses from CD4+and CD8+T cells induced by between natural infection and vaccine of influenza virus will provide new insights into the design of novel vaccine that can strongly stimulate the antiviral responses of CD4+and CD8+T cells.
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