Research Progress of Liquid-liquid Phase Separation in Viral Infection
Liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS)constitutes the basis of the formation of membraneless organelles in eukaryotic cells,facilitating the spatial and temporal segregation of biological components and chemical reactions This process is a core feature of eukaryotic cell biology.LLPS-driven membraneless organelles play indispensable roles in key biological pathways,such as the regulation of gene expression,the response to environmental stress,chromatin damage repair,and the mediation of immune responses.Notably,a profound connection exists between the dysfunction of LLPS-related proteins and viral infections.Phase-separating structures are involved in various stages of viral replication,and host cells can form LLPS-driven granule structures to combat virus infection.This review discusses the mechanism by which LLPS participates in viral infections and the host's antiviral strategies derived from LLPS,providing a comprehensive understanding of the role LLPS plays in viral infections.
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