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黑龙江省气候舒适度变化特征研究

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利用1961 年-2022 年黑龙江省63 个观测站的数据资料,按照国标《人居环境气候舒适度评价》,分析了黑龙江省气候舒适度各等级日数时空变化特征,以及气象要素对气候舒适度影响.结果表明,1961 年-2022 年黑龙江省寒冷日数在一年中所占比重最大,约占全年66%,整个冬季均处于寒冷级别;舒适日数约占全年24.1%,主要集中在5-9 月;冷日数占9.6%,主要集中在 4 和 10 月;热日数在夏季偶有发生;闷热日数为零.近62 年来寒冷日数显著减少,舒适日数明显增加,与气温和风速变化相一致.黑龙江省寒冷日数空间分布由北至南递减,舒适日数与之相反.
Spatial-temporal Distribution and Variation Characteristics of Climate Comfort in Heilongjiang Province
Based on the data of 63 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2022,the spatial and temporal vari-ations ofclimate comfort in Heilongjiang Province and the influence of meteorological factors are analyzedaccording to the national standard"Climatic Suitability Evaluating on Human Settlement".The results show thatthe number of chill days in Heilongjiang province accounts for the largest proportion in a year,accounting for about 66%of the whole year.Except summer,chill days exist in all the other months,especially in winter.The number of comfortable days accounts for about 24.1%of the whole year,and comfortable days mainly exist from May to September.Cold days mainly exist from April to October.Hot days occur occasionally in summer,and the number of muggy days is zero.The number of chill days shows an obvious decreasing trend and the number of comfortable days shows an increasing trend during 1961-2022.Chill days anomaly and comfort daysanomaly change in the late 1990s,which is consistent with the changes of temperature and wind speed.The spatial distribution of chill days in Heilongjiang Province decreases from north to south,and the number of comforta-ble days is opposite.For Heilongjiang Province,the main meteorological factors affecting comfort are temperature and wind speed.

Heilongjiangclimate comfortspatial and temporal change

朱红蕊、张洪玲、刘赫男、尹嫦姣

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黑龙江省气候中心,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030

佳木斯市气象局,黑龙江 佳木斯 154000

黑龙江 气候舒适度 变化特征

2025

环境科学与管理
黑龙江省环境保护科学研究院

环境科学与管理

影响因子:0.681
ISSN:1673-1212
年,卷(期):2025.50(1)