Surface crack analysis of the titanium alloy produced by electron beam cold hearth melting
Electron beam cold hearth melting plays an important role in the producing titanium and titanium alloys round or slab ingots.However,surface cracks were usually found in titanium alloy compared to pure titanium.In this work,the generation and propagation of the crack were analyzed.The results show that the upper shell is easy to stick on the mold and initiate the crack.A set of casting rate and electron beam power were employed to depict the shell evolution and melt pool profile by simulating the solidification process with slice model.According to these results,several methods were proposed to improve the ingot surface quality effectively.
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