Fog Identity and Immaterial Pleasure:The Unpaid Labor of Non-Professional Players in Social Media
At present,an increasing number of non-professional players are publishing game-related content on social media.This paper adopts digital labor as the research perspective and uses semi-structured interviews and participatory observation methods to explore the unpaid labor behavior of non-professional players on social media.The study finds that this unpaid labor has a dual-level nature,namely the first level of simple labor and the second level of complex labor.The dual levels show a state of integration.In the meanwhile,unpaid labor gives rise to a fog identity,where the player's identity shows a fluid and vague trend,specifically manifested as a deviation between"primary identity"and"secondary identity"as well as a mixture of"professional identity"and"non-professional identity".The fogging of identity reveals that game capital,by intensifying the"immaterial pleasure"atmosphere produced by non-professional players during the labor process,causes the non-professional players to overlook the logic of obtaining wages after labor,thereby achieving capital proliferation.