摘要
为了研究黄釉和绿釉琉璃瓦腐蚀行为的差异并探究其腐蚀过程,采用不同pH的模拟酸雨溶液分别对黄釉和绿釉琉璃瓦进行了腐蚀实验,对腐蚀后黄釉和绿釉琉璃瓦釉面的形貌、色差值、光泽度和粗糙度进行了测试和表征,并对腐蚀产物的成分、微观形貌、腐蚀溶液中Pb及着色元素的含量进行了测定.结果表明:绿釉比黄釉更容易受到腐蚀,原因是绿釉中Cu与Pb的协同作用促进了酸性条件下Cu和Pb的浸出;绿釉琉璃瓦经腐蚀后釉面的色差值升高、光泽度降低、粗糙度升高,并且其变化程度明显高于黄釉琉璃瓦;在pH =1 的腐蚀溶液中黄釉表面的裂缝处生成了不规则柱型硫酸铅,但整体上腐蚀现象不明显,绿釉表面生成了疏松的层片状、颗粒状及规则多面体型硫酸铅并且覆盖在釉层表面及裂纹处;在pH =3 的腐蚀溶液中,黄釉表面未发现明显的腐蚀现象,绿釉表面生成黏附性较强的层片状、颗粒状腐蚀产物层;绿釉腐蚀后存在外层的腐蚀产物覆盖层、Pb和Cu元素流失后形成的褪色富硅层及未腐蚀的釉层.
Abstract
In order to study the differences in the corrosion behavior between yellow and green glazed tiles and ex-plore their corrosion process,corrosion experiments were carried out using simulated acid rain solutions with differ-ent pH.The morphology,color difference,glossiness and roughness on the glazed surface of the yellow and green glazed tiles after corrosion were characterized.The composition and micro-morphology of the corrosion products,and the content of Pb and coloring elements in the corrosion solution were determined.The results show that the green glaze is more susceptible to corrosion than the yellow glaze because the synergistic effect of Cu and Pb in the green glaze promotes the leaching of Cu and Pb under acidic conditions.After corrosion,the color difference on the glaze surface of the green glazed tile increases,the glossiness decreases,the roughness increases,and the extent of the changes is more obvious than for the yellow glazed tiles.In a pH1 corrosion solution,irregular columnar lead sulfate was formed at the cracks on the surface of the yellow glaze,but no obvious overall corrosion was observed.Loose lamellar,granular and regular polyhedral lead sulfate was formed on the surface of the green glaze and cov-ered the surface and cracks of the glaze layer.In a pH3 corrosion solution,no obvious corrosion phenomena were found on the surface of the yellow glaze,and a layer of lamellar and granular corrosion product with strong adhesion was formed on the surface of the green glaze.After the green glaze was corroded,an outer layer of a corrosion prod-uct was formed,a faded silicon-rich layer formed after the loss of Pb and Cu elements,and an uncorroded glaze layer remained.
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