An Analysis of the Problem of Migration of Northwest Borderland in Eastern Han Dynasty
The migration of the Eastern Han government in the northwest border counties can be categorized into three distinct phases:During the Jianwu period,widespread unrest in the northwest prompted significant internal migration from various provinces and counties,which was leveraged to enhance resources within;during the reigns of Emperors Ming,Zhang,and He,national strength was restored,leading to an active resettlement of Qiang people into both actual border areas and surrounding regions to mitigate population losses in the northwest and Guanzhong.In the mid-to-late Eastern Han Dynasty,frequent natural disasters exacerbated conditions in the northwest.Addi-tionally,ongoing chaos instigated by Qiang forces led to a policy shift where the court effectively'abandoned Liang,'resulting in discussions around'abandoning county migration.'The migration process initiated by the Eastern Han Dynasty towards its northwest border counties represented a dynamic development orchestrated by state mecha-nisms.However,faced with formidable separatist movements and ethnic conflicts prevalent in this region,govern-mental control over Northwest territories became increasingly limited and ultimately diminished.
Eastern Han DynastyNorthwest BorderlandMigration PolicyQiang People