World-class Universities'Contribution to Global Sustainable Development:Concept,Pathways and International Comparison
By coding substantial official textual data from 61 world-class universities(WCUs),this study reveals WCUs'contributing to global sustainable development in education and research,outreach and engagement,campus operation and transportation,landscapes and ecosystems,global impacts and evaluation,implying WCUs'role in facilitating global sustainable development can be demonstrated in three aspects,namely,the sustainability of WCUs themselves,the role of WCUs in promoting the sustainable development of higher education,and WCUs'potential in driving the achievement of SDGs.Also,the results uncover substantial differences in WCUs'priorities in contributing to global sustainable development,identifying four distinctive clusters of WCUs with regard to their focuses,designated as generally-balanced,academically-dominated,externally-associated,and internally-reformed.Findings of this study also illustrate that WCUs'attention to global sustainable development ranges,and can be categorized into three types:adoption,trial,and evaluation.Relevant influencing factors include the sustainable development challenges faced by the external society,the development level of higher education system,the composition of university funding,and the internal/external exchange and interaction mechanism of WCUs.