Dissemination of the Bologna Process in Africa from the Perspective of Policy Transfer:Motivations,Approaches and Impacts
The Bologna Process is the most representative policy transfer practice with the widest impact since the 21st century,and has had a deep impact on other regions and many countries in the world.The dissemination of the Bologna Process in Africa is the product of"coercive transfer"and"voluntary borrowing",which is also in line with EU's demands and goals of spreading European education development experience and enhancing its international influence.Dissemination of the Bologna Process involves not only explicit educational systems and educational operating mechanisms,but also implicit values.The dissemination of the Bologna Process in Africa has adopted a"three-dimensional integration"approach of direct dissemination,indirect imitation,and intermediary transmission,realizing the organic integration of the exporter's leadership,the importer's initiative,and third-party promotion.The Bologna Process has triggered changes and transformations in education policies,systems and practices in African regions,sub-regions and countries.But to a certain extent,there are problems and challenges of policies feasibility and policy transfer failures.
policy transferBologna Processeducation in Africainternational dissemination