首页|基于体脑综合评价的3~6岁ASD儿童动作技能测评体系构建与实证研究

基于体脑综合评价的3~6岁ASD儿童动作技能测评体系构建与实证研究

扫码查看
采用德尔菲(Delphi)法和层次分析(AHP)法构建3~6岁ASD儿童动作技能测评体系;采用实验法对8名3~6岁轻度ASD儿童进行动作技能、体质水平和脑电图(EEG)的综合分析。结果表明:1)依据儿童生长发育里程碑、动作发展顺序规律、ASD儿童核心症状和生活技能发展,采用Delphi法构建3~6岁ASD动作技能测评体系,包括一级指标4项、二级指标15项、三级指标39项。本研究立足ASD儿童动作技能教育与干预建立测评指标,是针对ASD儿童发育规律和核心症状开展评测→干预→教育→反馈→ 提升的结合体。测评体系通过信效度检验,具有科学性和实用性,便于一线ASD融合教育工作者开展测评和教育活动。2)ASD儿童存在显著的动作技能、体质水平、脑电活动的异常和低下状态。其动作技能均分由高到低依次为BCS、BMS、OCS、HFS,其中OCS和HFS受认知发展影响大。各脑区多波段的异常激活、delta和theta波能量高,alpha波能量低,导致儿童注意力无法集中、感觉加工异常。体质评分及格率低,影响ASD儿童健康相关入学准备水平和未来参与学校教育的能力。ASD儿童亟待开展以动作技能为切入点的体脑发育综合干预和教育,以促进ASD儿童融入学校教育,获得康复和发展。
Construction and empirical study of motor skills evaluation system for 3-6 years old ASD children with body brain comprehensive evaluation
The Delphi and analytic hierarchy process methods were used to establish a motor skill evaluation system for ASD children from 3-6 years old,to assess their level of body and brain development.Eight children with mild ASD(M∶F=6∶2)aged 3-6 years were examined for their motor skills,physical fitness and EEG.The motor skill evaluation system includes:4 first level indicators,15 second level indicators and 39 third level indicators.The motor skills are divided into:body control skills(BCS)>body movement skills(BMS)>object control skills(OCS)>hand fine skills(HFS).OCS and HFS are greatly affected by ASD disease characteristics and cognitive development.The unqualified rate of ASD children was 87.5%.ASD children showed higher power in delta waves in prefrontal and occipital cortex,theta waves in parietal,prefrontal and occipital lobes,alpha waves in parietal lobes,beta and gamma waves in left and right temporal lobes.Whole brain relative power topographic maps revealed higher energy delta and theta waves in ASD children,but lower energy alpha and gamma waves,these were correlated with ASD children's inability to focus and to abnormal sensory processing.ASD children need comprehensive intervention and education on body and brain development,to promote their integration into school education,rehabilitation and development.

3-6 years oldautismmotor skillsindex systemcomprehensive evaluation of body and brain

朱岩、张小燕、刘晓辉、刘秋实、葛娇娇、郭美彤、甄志平

展开 >

北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京

北京市第19中学,北京

北京市三帆中学,北京

中国人民大学附属中学朝阳学校,北京

北京师范大学第二附属中学,北京

广东省汕头大学,广东汕头

展开 >

3~6岁 孤独症 动作技能 指标体系 体脑综合评价

国家社会科学基金(2021)教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金北京市自然科学基金(2023)北京市社会科学基金重点项目北京市教育科学规划课题优先关注项目(十三五)中国体育科学学会高校体育与健康教育课程建设专项重点课题(2021)中国教育学会教育科研"体育与卫生"专项重点课题(第四批)(2022)中国学前教育研究会项目(十四五)北京师范大学高端智库研究项目

21BTY02320YJA890036723223919YTA007AEEA2020017K20210003Wa2022007

2024

北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)
北京师范大学

北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.505
ISSN:0476-0301
年,卷(期):2024.60(2)