Evolution of otology:from clinical therapy to medical system
This article employs a multidisciplinary approach encompassing traditional Chinese medicine,history,philology,and exegetics to comprehensively examine the historical evolution of auricular acupoint therapy and otomedicine.Originating in China,systematized in Europe,and currently advancing through modern research and development led by China,this study traces the historical context of otological practices.It outlines the foundational principles of otomedicine as depicted in the Huangdi Neijing,elucidates the accumulation of ancient otomedical knowledge within this framework,reviews the systematic establishment and theoretical underpinnings of auricular acupoints,and delineates the process of formulating auricular acupoint standards.Through case studies such as"ear-brain interconnection"and"ear treatment of encephalopathy",it illustrates the interdisciplinary nature of ear medicine research and development.The article aims to illuminate the historical transition from ear therapy to ear medicine within the contemporary context and the emergence of auricular point-guided ear medicine.By drawing on historical insights and looking toward the future,it provides a foundation for the ongoing development of the ear medical specialty,offering insights for integrating non-drug therapies into China's healthcare system and global health initiatives.
ear diagnosis and treatmentauricular acupoint therapyotologyhistorical developmentauricular acupoint standards