Research progress on selective laser melting processing of Al-based composite material
Selective laser melting(SLM)prepares aluminum-based composite materials,which improves the problems of particle agglomeration and poor interface bonding encountered by traditional manufacturing methods.This article,with a focus on laser parameters and reinforcing particles,provides an overview of microstructural fea-tures and evolution,including aspects such as microstructure,phase transformation,particle dispersion,crystal morphology,and interface bonding.The reinforcing particles act as heterogeneous nucleation sites within the matrix,promoting grain refinement and improving crystal morphology.Control of laser parameters regulates energy input to induce temperature gradients within the melt pool,optimizing microstructural aspects such as particle distribution and interface through the Marangoni effect.This article elucidates that the tensile and fatigue performance of Al-based composite materials manufactured by SLM technology outperforms that of aluminum and aluminum alloys pro-duced using the same method,and it is supported by an analysis of influencing factors based on microfailure surface analysis.Through the optimization of laser parameters and reinforcing particles,improvements in microstructure,re-duction of porosity and cracks,and enhancements in material tensile and fatigue properties can be achieved.Final-ly,the article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of SLM-prepared aluminum matrix composites and pro-vides an outlook on pending technical issues and research directions that need to be addressed in the future.
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