Hydrogel is a hydrophilic polymer cohesive system with a three-dimensional reticulated structure,which has the characteristics of high water content,high water retention,adhesion and good biocompatibility,and is widely used in biomedical materials.Hydrogel coatings retain the advantages of hydrogel and pave the way for improved lubricity,biocompatibility and flexibility of solid surfaces.By changing the formulation of hydrogel,it is also possible to give the surface of solid substrate such as antibacterial and antifouling properties and other multifunctionality,which has a widespread development in the biomedical field.With the development of the medical treatment,implantable and interventional medical devices are increasingly used to treat a variety of diseases,such as stents and medical guidewire catheters.However,the materials commonly used for various medical devices have poor lubrication and antifouling properties,which experience high friction with surrounding tissues and are likely to suffer biofouling,resulting in a series of side effects such as inflammatory reactions and thrombosis.Therefore,these implantable medical devices usually require complex surface modifications during application to improve performance and biocompatibility.Among a variety of surface modification techniques,hydrogel coatings have received extensive attention with their structural stability,biocompatibility and controlled thickness.Recently,hydrogel coatings with controlled thickness and tough adhesion have been achieved on various substrates,which have more possibilities for the modification of hydrogel coatings on the surface of implantable medical devices.In this review,the research background of biomedical hydrogel coatings was firstly outlined,including the characteristics of hydrogels,the development history of hydrogel coatings and the current research status.The common hydrogel coating preparation methods and principles at this stage were presented.Surface bridging method refers that the two ends of a bridge molecule can form a strong interaction with the hydrogel and substrate separately,establishing strong bonding at the substrate-coating interface.Surface initiation method refers to the adsorption of photo-initiator onto the surface of the target substrate by diffusion or an additional primer,and the subsequent curing of a hydrogel precursor on the treated substrate enables a hydrogel coating to be strongly bonded to the substrate.In addition,novel hydrogel coating preparation methods are described.For example,a hydrogel paint is applied to a pre-treated substrate by common painting operations such as brushing and dipping,and the crosslinking of the hydrogel coating and the strong bonding formation between the coating and substrate are completed in the curing process of the hydrogel paint.Subsequently,the application scenarios of hydrogel coatings are introduced,such as lubricating and anti-fouling hydrogel coatings to reduce the risk of infection from implantable and interventional medical devices,drug delivery hydrogel coatings to improve the accuracy of drug allocation and biosensing hydrogel coatings to achieve in vivo micro-environment monitoring.Furthermore,the research hotspots of hydrogel coatings in recent years are summarized,such as the application of smart responsive hydrogel coatings in medical treatment,the application of bioactive hydrogel coatings in the field of tissue engineering,the enhancement of hydrogel coatings with mechanical properties and self-healing properties and Janus hydrogel coatings.Finally,there are challenges and opportunities for further development of hydrogel coatings.In the future,it is still necessary to develop novel functional hydrogel coatings and improve coating preparation and production technologies to provide better clinical application value for doctors and patients.
hydrogel coatingbiomedicalimplantable and interventional medical devicespreparation methodsapplication scenarios
万方数据
维普
