摘要
由于粉矿仓固有结构因素、粉矿性质、环境因素等影响,粉矿仓堵塞是有色金属矿山选冶生产过程中经常出现的问题.采用空气炮、人工敲击等处理方式效率低下、劳动强度大,不能满足生产需求,采用控制爆破疏通粉矿仓堵塞是一种可行的方式.采用爆破方式处理堵塞的关键是在确保安全的条件下药量的确定,对粉矿仓堵塞原因、堵塞体特征及爆破疏通的原理进行分析,根据堵塞位置和堵塞程度采用两种药量计算公式进行计算:1、参考凝结物解体爆破经验公式,粘壁性堵塞按结碴厚度设计计算药量,上部直径较大处取值0.59 kg,锥形下料口直径较小处取值0.07 kg;2、根据体积药量计算原理及粉矿仓堵塞体特征推导出矿仓堵塞疏通的爆破药量计算公式,上部直径较大处取值0.49～0.98 kg,下部直径较小处0.15～0.30 kg.对粉矿仓内爆破安全条件进行分析,采用Faupel修正公式和冲击波计算核算安全压力确定粉矿仓内爆破安全用药量,在上部直径较大处取值0.6 kg,下部直径较小处0.15 kg药量处于筒仓安全允许范围内.实施过程中控制上部用药量不超过0.6 kg,下部不超过0.15 kg药量,15个堵塞的粉矿仓采用爆破方式处理,全部安全疏通,达到预期效果.实践表明设计计算药量合理,安全措施有效,采用爆破方式处理有色金属矿粉矿仓堵塞安全、可靠、高效,可为类似工程提供参考借鉴.
Abstract
The blockage of a fine ore bin is a common problem during the process of the beneficiation and smel-ting of non-ferrous metal mine due to its inherent structure,the properties of fine ore and environmental factors.The treatment methods such as air gun and manual knocking are inefficient and labor-intensive,which cannot meet the production requirements.It is a feasible way to dredge the blockage of the fine ore bin by controlled blasting.The key to handling the blockage by blasting is to determine the explosive charge amount under the condition of ensuring safe-ty.According to the blockage position and degree,two kinds of charge calculation formulas were used by analyzing the reason for the fine ore bin blockage,the characteristics of the blockage body and the principle of blasting dred-ging.One method is refer to the empirical formula of condensate disassembly blasting.The charge amount for viscous plugging is designed and calculated according to the slagging thickness.The calculations indicate that the charge for the upper part with a larger diameter is 0.59 kg,while the charge for the lower conical feeding port with a smaller di-ameter is 0.07 kg.The other method is according to the calculation principle of volume charge and the characteristics of the clogging body of the fine ore bin.The calculations indicate that the charge for the upper part with a larger di-ameter is 0.49～0.98 kg,while the charge for the lower part with a smaller diameter is 0.15～0.30 kg.The safety charge amount is determined through calculating the safety pressure by the Faupel correction formula and shock wave calculation.As a result,the charge amount for the upper part and the lower part are determined as 0.6 kg and 0.15 kg,respectively.During the implementation process,15 blocked fine ore bins were treated by charge amounts not exceeding 0.6 kg and 0.15 kg,all of which were safely dredged as expected.The practice shows that the calculat-ed charge amount is reasonable,and the safety measures are effective.
维普
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