首页|自甘风险规则的法理基础与教义学构造——以群众性冰雪运动为考察对象

自甘风险规则的法理基础与教义学构造——以群众性冰雪运动为考察对象

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后冬奥时代,大众参与冰雪运动的热情持续高涨,但该类运动的高危性也使活动参与者的安全保障与行为自由产生冲突.《中华人民共和国民法典》第1176条是对实践难题的制度因应,首次将自甘风险规则写入成文法,将文体活动创设为新的风险分配场域.为明晰适用路径,对群众性冰雪运动的自甘风险规则展开教义学分析,提出将运动参与者间的碰撞风险作为固有风险的内容,将兼具文娱性与危险性的冰雪文化活动纳入文体活动,适当扩大涵摄范围;以客观标准为主,对受害人的"自愿参与"进行综合考量;正确区分重大过失与一般过失、法律过失与体育过失等主张.通过厘清自甘风险制度的法理基础和教义学构造,明确其在群众性冰雪运动领域的适用路径,合理划分各主体之间的责任,从而保护群众对冰雪运动的参与热情,加快"健康中国"和冰雪强国建设.
The Jurisprudential Basis and Doctrinal Structure of the Assumption of Risk Rule——Examined in terms of mass snow and ice sports
With the deepening trend of expanding ice and snow sports in southern,western,and eastern China,the role of communities in promoting these sports has become increasingly important. This study analyzes the overall environment and implementation of ice and snow sports in Guangzhou communities by using the method of literature review,expert interviews,and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Under the PEST framework,Guangzhou shows policy support,mass foundation,and technical backing,indicating advantages,potential,and feasibility for development,though geographical challenges and limitations exist. The FAHP evaluation indicates an average overall development level for ice and snow sports in communities,with similar weight across different indicators. It is recommended that Guangzhou leverages its strengths and addresses weaknesses by promoting collaboration across various indicators,enhancing publicity and promotion channels,innovating facilities,increasing financial support,and continually monitoring growth trends and development speeds for comprehensive evaluation.

ice and snow sports in communityPEST frameworkFuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Processevaluation systemGuangzhou City

李燕飙、赖怡婷

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西北政法大学 国家安全学院,陕西 西安 710122

冰雪运动 自甘风险 法理基础 法教义学 《民法典》

陕西省教育厅科研计划项目

22JK0198

2024

冰雪运动
中国滑冰协会 中国滑雪协会 中国冰球协会

冰雪运动

影响因子:1.829
ISSN:1002-3488
年,卷(期):2024.46(4)
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