首页|种植密度和施氮水平对燕麦生物量分配的影响

种植密度和施氮水平对燕麦生物量分配的影响

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
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本研究基于在中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统定位站进行的盆栽试验,分析了不同种植密度和施氮水平对燕麦(Avena sativa)(巴燕3号)的生长特性、生物量积累及生物量分配格局的影响.结果表明,不同密度处理下,燕麦的植株高度、叶的长度、穗的长度、分蘖个数、繁殖生物量(穗)、茎叶生物量及地下生物量(根)等各性状参数均呈现极显著差异(P＜0.01);繁殖器官生物量分配比例随密度的增加呈上升趋势,根生物量分配随密度的增加逐渐减少;随种植密度增大,燕麦茎叶生物量分配呈现先减少后增加的趋势.氮素的施用有利于燕麦营养生长和繁殖生长生物量的积累.施氮肥对燕麦茎叶器官的生物量累积作用明显大于地下根器官.对照(F1)和低氮肥(0.6g·盆-1,F2)大致相等,中氮肥(1 g·盆-1,F3)和高氮肥(2 g·盆-1,F4)大致相等,且前两者大于后两者,即在不施氮肥条件下,燕麦增加了对茎叶、根器官生物量的分配比例.在不同处理下,燕麦地下生物量分配、茎叶生物量分配及繁殖生物量分配三者间存在权衡.总体来看,不同处理下,燕麦选择最佳资源配置策略,即增大与获取限制资源相关器官的资源分配,而减少与获取非限制资源相关器官的资源分配,以适应生物环境(例如密度)和非生物环境(例如氮素添加)的变化.
The reproductive allocation of Avena sativa under different planting densities and nitrogen addition treatments
To study the response of the growth characteristics, biomass accumulation and biomass allocation pattern of Avena sativa to planting density and nutrient addition, a pot experiment was conducted with different planting densities and different levels of nitrogen addition.The results showed that the plant height, leaf length, panicle length, tiller number, root biomass, shoot biomass and reproductive biomass of A.sativa differed significantly (P＜0.01) in the different density levels;as plant density increasing, reproductive biomass allocation increased, while belowground biomass (root) allocation decreased;shoot (leaf and stem) biomass allocation decreased along with plant density and then increased afterwards.Nutrient addition increased both vegetative and reproductive biomass.Nutrient addition had more effect on shoot biomass than root biomass.Reproductive biomass allocation: F1 (no nutrient addition) ≈ F2 (low nutrient addition) ＞F3 (medium nutrient addition) ≈ F4 (high nutrient addition), i.e.A.sativa exhibited high root biomass allocation and shoot biomass allocation in F1.In general, to obtain limited resources and optimal biomass allocation and to adapt to biotic (e.g.plant density) and physical (e.g.nitrogen addition) environment changes, there's a trade-off between the below-ground biomass allocation and between vegetative-reproductive biomass allocation of A.sativa in different treatments.

Avena sativaplanting densitynitrogen additionreproductive allocationbiomass allocationalpine meadow

赵宏魁、马真、张春辉、雷占兰、姚步青、周华坤

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海南州少数民族科普和信息中心,青海恰卜恰813099

中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810001

青海师范大学,青海西宁810008

燕麦 种植密度 氮肥添加 繁殖分配 生物量分配 高寒草甸

青海省海南州科技合作项目国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金青海省自然科学基金青年项目青海省自然科学基金青年项目青海省自然科学基金青年项目中国博士后科学基金会青海省自然科学基金国家科技支撑课题专题青海省重点实验室发展专项资金计划

2015-HZ-013117224731201836314721352015-ZJ-919Q2015-ZJ-918Q2015-ZJ-7112015M5827362013-Z-9162014BAC05B032014-Z-Y01

2016

10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2015-0361

草业科学
中国草原学会 兰州大学草地农业科技学院

草业科学

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子：0.854
ISSN：1001-0629
年,卷(期)：2016.33(2)
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