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不同种植密度与氮肥互作对红花产量及品质的影响

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为明确引黄灌区红花(Carthamus tinctorius)最佳种植密度和适宜氮肥施用量,本试验选用红花'甘红 1 号'为试验材料,采用裂区设计,主区为施氮量,副区为种植密度,设 3 个施N水平(45、90、135 kg·hm-2)和 4 个种植密度(株行距分别为 30 cm×60 cm、25 cm×60 cm、25 cm×50 cm、27 cm×40 cm),研究不同施氮量和种植密度对红花产量品质及氮素吸收利用的影响.结果表明,施氮量和种植密度显著影响红花产量品质及氮素利用,农艺性状、产量性状及氮素积累量随着两者的增加呈先增大后降低的趋势.籽粒产量、羟基红花黄色素A(HSYA)、氮素积累量、氮肥表观利用率和氮肥农学利用率受交互作用影响显著,干花产量对种植密度反应敏感.其中,施氮量 90 kg·hm-2、株行距 25 cm×50 cm条件下,HSYA含量最高,其余指标在施氮量 90 kg·hm-2、株行距 25 cm×60 cm条件下趋于最大.综合考虑产量、品质、氮素利用协同提高,在引黄灌区红花种植最佳施氮量为 90 kg·hm-2,种植密度以株行距 25cm×50 cm或 25 cm×60 cm为宜.
Effects of planting density and nitrogen fertilizer concentration on yield and quality of safflower
To explore the optimum planting density and suitable nitrogen application concecntration of safflower in the irrigation area of the Yellow River diversion,safflower'Ganhong No.1'was selected as the experimental material and a split-plot experimental design,with the nitrogen treatment as amount area and planting density as subplot,was designed.Under field conditions,three fertilization rates(45,90,135 kg·ha-1)and four regimes of planting density(plant-row spacing 30 cm×60 cm,25 cm×60 cm,25 cm×50 cm,27 cm×40 cm)were applied to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates and planting densities on the yield and quality and nitrogen uptake and utilization of safflower.The results showed that nitrogen application rate and planting density significantly affected the yield,quality and nitrogen utilization of safflower.The agronomic traits,yield traits and nitrogen accumulation increased first and then decreased with the increase of the two.Grain yield,hydroxyl safflower Yellow A(HSYA),nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen apparent efficiency,and nitrogen agronomic efficiency were significantly affected by interaction,and dried flower yield was sensitive to planting density.Among them,HSYA content was the highest under a nitrogen application rate of 90 kg·ha-1 and plant-row spacing of 25 cm×50 cm,and the other indexes tended to be the highest under a nitrogen application rate of 90 kg·ha-1 and plant-row spacing of 25 cm×60 cm.Considering the synergic improvement of yield,quality,and nitrogen utilization,the optimal nitrogen application rate was 90 kg·ha-1,and the optimal planting density was 25 cm×50 cm or 25 cm×60 cm with row spacing.

yellow river irrigation areaagronomic traitsnitrogen accumulationnitrogen use efficiencyplant-row spacingHydroxyl-safflor yellow Aseed oil content

毋玲玲、魏玉杰、宿翠翠、张兆萍、陈芳、王玉红

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甘肃省农业工程技术研究院,甘肃武威 733006

甘肃省特种药源植物种质创新与安全利用重点实验室,甘肃武威 733006

引黄灌区 农艺形状 氮素积累 氮肥利用率 株行距 羟基红花黄色素A 种子含油率

甘肃省中医药产业创新联合体重大专项财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系甘肃省技术创新引导计划项目

22ZD6FA021-1CARS-21-2522CX8NA081

2024

草业科学
中国草原学会 兰州大学草地农业科技学院

草业科学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.854
ISSN:1001-0629
年,卷(期):2024.41(2)
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