为了研究 ABA 对北方白菜型冬油菜抗寒性的影响，本试验以白菜型冬油菜陇油8号为材料，分别于冬油菜冬前三、五、六、七叶期用10 mg／L 的脱落酸（ABA）溶液喷施叶片，以各个时期喷蒸馏水为对照，分析其对越冬率、产量及生理生化指标的影响。结果表明，外源 ABA 喷施能够显著提高白菜型冬油菜的越冬率和产量，提高保护性酶活性及渗透调节物等生理生化物质含量，且这种作用主要发生在受到低温（－5℃）胁迫以后，ABA 处理的越冬率和产量分别较 CK 增加14．3％，8．0％；受低温胁迫后的 SOD、POD、CAT 酶的活性分别较 CK 提高39．8％，20．8％，31．0％；SP、SS、Pro 含量较 CK 增加104．5％，120．1％，77．7％，且随喷施时期总体呈先升高后降低的趋势，六叶期喷施效果最佳。同时 ABA 处理能增强根系活力，降低 MDA 含量。因此，在北方寒旱区，在白菜型冬油菜冬前六叶期喷施一定浓度的 ABA 能提高冬油菜的抗寒性。
Effect of exogenous abscisic acid on the cold resistance of Brassica rapa cv.Longyou (winter rape)8 cultivated at different foliar in northern China
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA)on the cold re-sistance of Brassica rapa (winter rape,cultivar Longyou 8)under low temperature stress.Leaves of Longyou 8 were sprayed with 10 mg/L ABA when the plants were at the three-,five-,six-,and seven-leaf stages before winter.Plants at the same stages were sprayed with distilled water as the control.The overwintering rate, yield and physiological and biochemical indexes of Longyou 8 were determined after a cold treatment (-5℃). The plants sprayed with ABA showed significantly increased overwintering rates and yields,higher activities of antioxidant enzymes,and increased contents of physiological and biochemical substances that function as os-motic regulators.The effect was extremely significant after low temperature stress,when the overwintering rate and yield of ABA-treated plants were 14.3% and 8.0% higher than their respective values in the control plants.The activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and catalase were 39.8%,20.8%,31.0% higher, respectively,in ABA-treated plants than in control plants after the low temperature treatment.The contents of soluble protein,soluble saccharides,and free proline were 104.5%,120.1%,and 77.7% higher,respectively, in the ABA-treated plants than in control plants after the low temperature treatment.The best stage for ABA application was the six-leaf stage.Application of ABA also increased root activity and decreased the contents of malondialdehyde,a marker of lipid peroxidation.Together,these results show that spraying with ABA can im-prove the cold resistance of winter rape in northern China.
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