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基于对抗自编码器和自适应阈值的滚动轴承故障预警方法

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针对目前工程实际中故障预警存在敏感特征组合构建困难、完备的故障样本稀缺和预警阈值设定不准确等难题,提出一种基于对抗自编码器(AAE)和自适应阈值的滚动轴承故障预警方法.将预处理后的正常样本频谱数据作为AAE训练数据进行自编码器网络和对抗网络训练,并计算自编码器重构误差和保留编码网络;利用编码器逐层提取服从先验分布的低维特征,结合重构误差和相似性度量构建健康指标,并基于贝塔分布进行健康指标概率密度分布拟合以自适应确定阈值;将测试数据经相同步骤处理后与阈值比较,判别异常.利用两类滚动轴承数据集验证所提方法,试验结果表明所提方法具有优异的故障预警性能和自适应性,能够实现早期微弱故障预警.
Rolling bearing fault warning method based on adversarial autoencoder and adaptive threshold
To cope with the difficulties of fault warning in current engineering practice,such as the challeng-es of constructing sensitive feature combinations,scarcity of complete fault samples,and inaccurate warning threshold settings,etc.,a rolling bearing fault warning method based on Adversarial Autoencoder(AAE)and adaptive threshold was proposed.Firstly,the preprocessed normal sample spectrum data was utilized as AAE training data for autoencoder network and adversarial network training,and the autoencoder reconstruction er-ror was calculated and the coding network was retained;Then,the low-dimensional features obeying the prior distribution was extracted layer by layer using the encoder,and the health indicator was constructed by com-bining the reconstruction error and similarity measure,and the probability density distribution of the health indicator was fitted based on the beta distribution to determine the threshold adaptively;Finally,the test data was processed by the same steps and compared with the threshold to discriminate abnormalities.The pro-posed method was verified by using two types of rolling bearing datasets,and the experimental results show that the proposed method has excellent fault warning performance and adaptability,and can realize early warning of weak fault.

rolling bearingfault warningadversarial autoencoderhealth indicatorbeta distributionadaptive threshold

李涛、田宏业、陶沙、刘朋

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中国船舶科学研究中心船舶振动噪声重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082

深海技术科学太湖实验室,江苏 无锡 214082

滚动轴承 故障预警 对抗自编码 健康指标 贝塔分布 自适应阈值

2025

船舶力学
中国船舶科学研究中心 中国造船工程学会

船舶力学

北大核心
影响因子:0.437
ISSN:1007-7294
年,卷(期):2025.29(1)