Imperial power declined in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.Local prefectural governors were the actural rulers since they con-trolled the army,and central supervision hardly played a role.During Cao Cao's reign of power,the XiaoShi system was established to strengthen the central supervision function.At first,the duties of the XiaoShi were limited to the monitoring of military and civilian illegal act,but gradually expanded.The power of the XiaoShi was slightly limited when Cao Rui was reigning.Because the XiaoShi system seri-ously damaged the interests of aristocratic families and the bureaucratic cliques,Cao Fang was forced to abolish this system.
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