目的:探讨冷水浸泡(Cold Water Immersion，CWI)、全身冷冻疗法(Whole body cryotherapy，WBC)对青年女子足球运动员肌氧含量、主客观疲劳感受和运动表现的影响。方法:采用自身交叉对照设计。12名青年女子足球运动员在专项大负荷训练课后，隔周分别完成CWI、WBC和安静对照(CON)3种不同恢复干预。比较运动员下肢肌氧饱和度(Muscle Oxygen Saturation，SmO2)、主观疲劳程度(Rating of Perceived Exertion，RPE)、主观疼痛程度、肌肉压痛阈、反向垂直纵跳(Contermovement Jump，CMJ)、最大自主等长肌力(Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction，MVIC)和30 m冲刺水平在运动前、运动后、干预后即刻和次日的变化。结果:(1)股四头肌SmO2，干预方法与时间存在交互作用(P＜0。05)。冷水浸泡组SmO2在干预后显著低于冷冻疗法组和对照组(P＜0。05)。(2)主观疲劳感，干预方法与时间存在交互作用(P＜0。05)，干预后，对照组和冷水浸泡组低于冷冻疗法组(P＜0。05);主观疼痛程度干预方法与时间无交互作用;肌肉压痛阈，干预方法与时间存在交互作用(P＜0。05);(3)CMJ成绩，干预方法与时间存在交互作用(P＜0。05)，CMJ成绩在冷水浸泡干预后出现显著下降(P＜0。05);MVIC成绩，干预方法与时间无交互作用(P＞0。05);30 m冲刺成绩，分组与时间存在交互作用(P＜0。05)，干预后即刻，冷水浸泡组显著高于其他组(P＜0。05)。在次日，3组没有恢复到基础水平(P＜0。05)。结论:运动后短时冷水浸泡会造成优秀青年女足运动员肌氧饱和度、下肢爆发力暂时下降，而对主观疲劳恢复有一定积极作用。全身冷冻疗法对运动后短期内的下肢肌肉功能与运动表现的影响较小。
Effects of Cold Water Immersion and Whole Body Crytherapy on Muscle Oxygen Content and Performance for Female Football Players
Objective:To compare the effect CWI(cold water immersion)and WBC(whole body cryotherapy)after high-volume training on muscle oxygen content,subjective and objective sensation of fatigue,as well as performance for youth female football play-er.Methods:The cross-over study was used.After high-volume training of football,12 Youth female player went CWI,WBC and control trial every other week.To observe changes of muscle oxygen saturation(SmO2),muscle soreness,Rating of Perceived Exertion(RPE),Countermovment Jump(CMJ),Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction(MVIC),30 m sprint at before exercise,after exercise,after treatment,and one day after treatment.Repeated measures ANOVA analysis was used.Results:(1)Time and treat-ment had significant interactive effect on SmO2(P＜0.05).SmO2 in CWI group was significant lower than WBC group and CON group(P＜0.05);(2)Time and treatment had significant interactive effect on RPE(P＜0.05).After treatment,RPE was lower in CON and WBC group than CWI group than CWI group;time and treatment had no interactive effect on muscle soreness(P＞0.05);time and treatment had significant interactive effect on muscle pain threshold(P＜0.05);(3)Time and treatment had significant interactive effect on CMJ(P＜0.05).After treatment,only CWI group decreased significantly(P＜0.05);time and treatment had no interactive effect on MVIC(P＞0.05).Time and treatment had significant interactive effect on 30 m sprint.After treatment,sprint time in CWI group was higher than that in the other two groups(P＜0.05).One day after treatment,all three groups didnt reach baseline level(P＞0.05).Conclusion:CWI makes SmO2 and explosive ability(CMJ and 30 m sprint)decrease temporarily,but has positive effect on recovery of subjective fatigue.WBC leads to less change of lower leg function and sport performance.
万方数据
维普
