摘要
为解决磁悬浮列车低速测速难题,开发了一种基于空间滤波技术的图像测速传感器,在实现绝对速度测量的同时,也可对速度方向进行判别.首先,对空间滤波测速及方向判别的原理进行简要说明,提出的差分空间滤波器可消除信号中的直流成分,提升测量时的准确性,基于相差的方向判别方法解决了频谱分析中对时间信息的丢失造成的方向不可测问题;其次,通过仿真对该原理进行了验证;然后,对传感器的软硬件设计进行了描述,搭建了图像测速传感器;最后,完成了传感器的测试验证.结果表明,传感器在低速时的测量精度可满足磁悬浮列车的控制需求.
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of speed measurement for maglev train under low-speed condition,an image speed sensor based on spatial filtering technology has been developed,which can achieve absolute speed measurement while also distinguishing the direction of speed. Firstly,a brief explanation is given on the principles of spatial filtering for speed measurement and direction determination. The differential spatial filter which can eliminate the DC component in the signal and improve the accuracy of measurement is proposed. The direction determination method based on phase solves the problem of direction unmeasurable caused by the loss of time information in spectrum analysis;Secondly,the principle was validated through simulation;Then,a detailed description of the software and hardware design of the sensor was provided and an image velocity sensor was built;Finally,the testing and verification of the sensor were completed. The results indicate that the accuracy of the sensor at low speeds can meet the control requirements of maglev train.
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