Advances in diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral white matter and cognitive impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea
周天宇 1朱小影 1张清1
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作者信息
1. 大连大学附属中山医院放射科,大连 116001
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摘要
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea,OSA)是一种全球性的睡眠呼吸障碍疾病,特征是间歇性低氧血症、高碳酸血症、微觉醒和睡眠碎片化,会导致大脑在结构和功能方面发生改变,现已有很多研究表明OSA是认知功能损害的重要因素.扩散磁共振成像(diffusion magnetic resonance imaging,dMRI)通过测量水分子在组织中的扩散特性来获取有关组织微结构的详细信息,在检测组织微结构的病理变化方面具有极高的敏感度和特异度,尤其是在白质纤维病变的诊断中非常敏感.近年来,dMRI快速兴起,在OSA脑白质及认知功能损害的研究中得到了广泛应用.本文对OSA患者脑白质及认知功能损害的dMRI研究进展进行综述,多序列地分析OSA患者脑白质扩散参数的变化,进一步探讨OSA神经病理改变与认知功能损害的联系,从而为诊断OSA患者认知功能损害提供神经影像学依据.
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea(OSA)is a worldwide sleep-disordered breathing condition featuring intermittent hypoxaemia,hypercapnia,microarousals,and sleep fragmentation.This results in structural and functional alterations within the brain.Many studies have demonstrated that OSA is a significant contributor to cognitive impairment.Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging(dMRI)measures water molecule diffusion properties in tissues to obtain detailed information about tissue microstructures.It is highly sensitive and specific in detecting pathological changes in tissue microstructures,particularly in the diagnosis of white matter fibrotic lesions.In recent years,dMRI has rapidly emerged and become widely used in the study of cerebral white matter and cognitive impairment associated with OSA.This paper examines dMRI studies on cerebral white matter and cognitive function in individuals with OSA.We analyze changes in cerebral white matter diffusion parameters in OSA patients across multiple sequences and explore the relationship between neuropathological changes and cognitive impairment in OSA.Our findings provide a neuroimaging basis for diagnosing cognitive impairment in individuals with OSA.
关键词
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停/扩散磁共振成像/磁共振成像/认知功能损害/脑白质
Key words
obstructive sleep apnea/diffusion magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance imaging/cognitive impairment/white matter of brain
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