Multimodal study of resting state functional MRI in patients with acute mild traumatic brain injury
Objective:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)was used to measure the difference between patients with acute mTBI and healthy controls(HCs),voxel-based indicators were used to observe whether cognitive function changes in patients with mTBI and the correlation between cognitive function changes and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)scale scores.Materials and Methods:Thirty-one patients with acute mTBI within 11 days of unilateral craniocerebral injury were prospectively enrolled.Thirty-one HCs matched for age,gender,and education were recruited at the same time.All subjects underwent rs-fMRI scans,and the mTBI group was clinically scored.SPM 12 and DPABI software were used for image preprocessing and voxel-based two-sample t-test.Gaussian Random-Field(GRF)correction was used chi-square test was used to estimate the distribution of gender composition in the two groups,and the effect of age between the two groups was used two-sample t-test,and the effect of years of education between the two groups was used U test.In addition,the time of enrollment into the study and clinical scores after injury in the mTBI group were analyzed using a one-sample t-test.Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the voxel-based indicators and the MoCA scale scores in the mTBI group.Results:There was no significant difference in age(t=1.587,P>0.05),gender(χ2<0.001,P>0.05),and education years(U=448,P>0.05)between the mTBI group and HC group.Compared with HC,the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF)in the left insula,left postcentral gyrus,and left precentral gyrus were increased in patients with acute mTBI(voxel P<0.005,GRF corrected).The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)was increased in the right postcentral gyrus and right precentral gyrus(voxel P<0.005,GRF corrected).Increased regional homogeneity(ReHo)was observed in the right cuneus and left postcentral gyrus(voxel P-value<0.005,GRF corrected).Enhanced functional connectivity(FC)between the right postcentral gyrus and the right middle occipital gyrus and right cuneus(voxel P<0.005,GRF corrected);FC was enhanced between the right cuneus and the right precuneus(voxel P-value<0.005,GRF corrected),and decreased between the right cuneus and the right caudate nucleus(voxel P-value<0.005,GRF corrected).Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between MoCA scale scores and seed-based FC.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that cognitive performance is associated with spontaneous brain activity at resting state,especially in the default mode network(DMN),salience network(SAN),and visual network,in the acute phase after brain injury.In addition,this study demonstrated a correlation between cognitive performance and MoCA scale scores.
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