Research on the white matter microstructural changes in boys with enuresis using diffusion kurtosis imaging
Objective:Using the tract-based spatial statistics(TBSS)method based on diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI)technology to explore the changes in brain white matter structure of boys with primary nocturnal enuresis and its correlation with child behavior scales.Materials and Methods:MR DKI scans were conducted on 25 enuresis male patients with NE(NE group)and 24 age,gender,and education matched healthy control(HC group).The mean diffusivity(MD),mean kurtosis(MK),and axial kurtosis(AK)values of brain regions with statistical significance were determined,and Spearman correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between the MD,AK,and MK values in the different brain regions and children's behavioral performance.Results:Compared with the HC group,the NE group showed significantly increased MK values in the right preoptic tract,bilateral corticospinal tract(P＜0.05);There is a significant increase in the AK value in the right lower longitudinal bundle,the left corticospinal tract,the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus,and the large claw(P＜0.05);and a significant decrease in the MD value in the right anterior thalamic radiation,as well as in the bilateral lower longitudinal bundles,bilateral corticospinal tracts,and left anterior thalamic radiation(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that the scores of the Children's Behavior Checklist(CBCL)were positively correlated with the MK and MD values of the right corticospinal tract and the right lower longitudinal bundle.The scores of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ)were positively correlated with the MD values of the right lower longitudinal bundle,the right anterior thalamic radiation,and the left lower longitudinal bundle.Conclusions:DKI technology can detect white matter structure alterations in NE patients,and the changes in white matter structure in the different brain regions are associated with the CBCL and CSHQ.
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