Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder,the pathological mechanism of which involves the interaction between neuroimaging abnormalities and genetic factors.This paper reviews the neuroimaging characteristics of ASD and the specific effects of genetic variations on brain structure and function,exploring the important role of integrating neuroimaging and genetic data in deciphering the pathological mechanisms of ASD.It also points out the limitations of existing research and proposes future prospects,aiming to provide new directions for the precise diagnosis and personalized intervention of ASD.