测绘通报2024,Issue(12) :170-177.DOI:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2024.1229

区域统计约束的滑坡易发性评估与制图

Landslide susceptibility assessment and cartography with regional statistical constraints

徐刚 刘青豪
测绘通报2024,Issue(12) :170-177.DOI:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2024.1229

区域统计约束的滑坡易发性评估与制图

Landslide susceptibility assessment and cartography with regional statistical constraints

徐刚 1刘青豪2
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作者信息

  • 1. 浙江安防职业技术学院,浙江温州 325016;中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南长沙 410083
  • 2. 中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南长沙 410083
  • 折叠

摘要

受限于滑坡灾害监测数据的完备性及滑坡灾害知识利用率低的难题,如何准确耦合多源异构环境数据,以综合评估滑坡易发程度是当前研究的重要挑战.本文提出了一种区域统计约束的滑坡易发性评估方法.首先,根据专家知识选择地形地貌、地质构造、气象水文、人类活动等环境因素,并对相关数据进行清洗、归一化等预处理;其次,从"机理-地理-物理-数理"层面构建灾害数据特征映射,面向历史灾害点及非灾害点进行正负样本均衡采样;然后,在此基础上,借助多尺度空间单元区域划分方法进行行政单元的自适应聚合,将研究区域按照坡度和年均降雨划分为一系列均质子区;最后,在区域统计约束下搭建随机森林模型进行样本训练与易发性制图.试验表明,本文所提方法将滑坡灾害易发性评估精度至少提高了 9%.

Abstract

Due to the limitations of poor data completeness and low knowledge utilization,it remains a challenge to accurately integrate multiple sources of heterogeneous disaster information to comprehensively evaluate the susceptibility of landslides.Therefore,a mixed framework for mapping the susceptibility of landslides with regional statistical constraints is proposed.Firstly,environmental factors such as topography,geomorphology,geological structure,meteorology and hydrology,and human activities were selected based on expert knowledge,and the relevant data is pre-processed such as cleaning and normalization.Then,from the perspective of"mechanism-geography-physics-mathematics",the feature mapping of disaster data is constructed,and a balanced sampling of positive and negative samples is carried out for historical disaster sites and non-disaster sites.On this basis,the administrative units are adaptively aggregated using a multi-scale spatial unit division method,and the study area is divided into a series of homogeneous sub-regions according to slope and average annual rainfall.Finally,under the constraint of regional statistics,a random forest model is constructed for sample training and susceptibility mapping.The experiments show that the proposed hybrid framework improves the accuracy of landslide susceptibility assessment by at least 9%.

关键词

滑坡/易发性评估/环境因素/区域统计/随机森林

Key words

landslides/susceptibility assessment/environmental factors/regional statistics/random forests

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出版年

2024
测绘通报
测绘出版社

测绘通报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.027
ISSN:0494-0911
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