丹江口水库消落区协同管理及思考
Reflections on Collaborative Management of Water-Level Fluctuation Zone of Danjiangkou Reservoir
曹俊启1
作者信息
- 1. 长江水利委员会汉江流域治理保护中心,湖北 武汉 430010
- 折叠
摘要
做好丹江口水库消落区管理是保障丹江口水库水质安全、持续发挥南水北调中线工程效益的必要手段.目前,丹江口水库消落区管理中已构建了在河长制框架下"县-乡-村"网格化政企协同管理机制,取得了显著的管理成效.然而这种方式更强调对不合适的消落区利用方式的事后处理,且未能充分发挥消落区的资源属性,不利于长效运行.针对当前消落区管理中的不足,对丹江口水库消落区合适的保护利用模式进行探索,对农业种植、围网保护、绿色开发以及无污染的中草药、经果林种植这4种代表模式的污染物排放、经济投入/效益、地方和群众参与积极性以及管理难度进行分析.结果表明,农业种植模式的污染风险大,围网保护面临着日常的保护和维护难题,绿色开发措施的水生态环境影响尚不清晰,因此建议以无污染的中草药、经果林种植结合围网保护的方式对库区消落区土地进行利用,发挥消落区在当地经济社会发展中的价值,从根本上减少违规利用方式.
Abstract
Effective management of water-level fluctuation zone(WLFZ)is essential for maintaining the safety of water quality in Danjiangkou Reservoir and ensuring the sustained benefits of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project.Currently,a grid based government-enterprise collaborative management mechanism of"county-township-village"hierarchical structure under the framework of river chief system has been established for the management of WLFZ of Danjiangkou Reservoir with significant management achievements.This mechanism focuses on the post-processing of inappropriate utilization modes in WLFZ,but dose not fully utilize the resources in WLFZ,which is not favorable for long-term operation.To address the shortcomings in the current management mode,this study explores suitable protection and utilization modes for the WLFZ in Danjiangkou Reservoir,and analyzes the pollutant emissions,economic inputs/benefits,local and public participation enthusiasm,and management difficulties from four representative modes including agricultural planting,fence protection,green development,pollution-free Chinese herbal medicine,cash crop and fruit forest planting.Results reveal high pollution risk of agricultural planting mode,challenges in daily protection and maintenance of fence protection mode,and unclear aquatic ecological environment impact of green development measures.Therefore,we recommend combining pollution-free Chinese herbal medicine,cash crop and fruit forest planting with fence protection to harness WLFZ in local economic and social development,and fundamentally reduce illegal use modes.
关键词
丹江口水库/消落区/协同管理/保护利用模式/绿色开发Key words
Danjiangkou Reservoir/water-level fluctuation zone/collaborative management/protection and utilization modes/green development引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据