摘要
为揭示不同水文年型下水肥调控对水稻生长及需水规律的影响,于2020-2022年在江西省灌溉试验中心站开展田间小区水肥调控试验.结果表明:①不同水文年型下间歇灌溉下的稻田灌水量、排水量、渗漏量、蒸散发量总体小于淹水灌溉,平均分别减少20.82％、3.93％、16.68％、6.77％;分蘖后期和拔节孕穗期蒸散发较大,占全生育期蒸散发的40.2％.②不同水文年型下水稻株高、分蘖数、叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质累积动态变化规律一致,施肥处理均大于不施肥处理,且施肥水平对产量有显著影响.③干旱年间歇灌溉下的水稻产量小于淹水灌溉,且水稻株高、分蘖数、LAI、干物质累积、水稻产量和蒸散发均受到了抑制.④干旱年平均灌水量大于丰水年和平水年,平均排水量、渗漏量、株高都小于丰水年和平水年,平均蒸散发量表现为2020年＞2022年＞2021年,平均分蘖数、叶面积指数、干物质累积、产量表现为2021年＞2022年＞2020年.
Abstract
A field experiment of water and fertilizer regulation was conducted at the Jiangxi Provincial Irrigation Ex-periment Center Station from 2020 to 2022 to investigate the impacts of water and fertilizer regulation on rice growth and water demands across varying hydrological conditions.The findings revealed that intermittent irrigation resulted in reduced irrigation(by 20.82％),drainage(by 3.93％),leakage(by 16.68％),and evapotranspiration(by 6.77％)compared to conventional irrigation methods during different hydrological years.Evapotranspiration during the late tillering and jointing-booting stages accounted for 40.2％of the total evapotranspiration throughout the growth period.Rice plant height,tiller number,leaf area index(LAI),and dry matter accumulation exhibited consistent dynamic changes across different hydrological years,all being greater under fertilization treatments com-pared to non-fertilized conditions,with fertilizer application notably affecting yield.However,in drought years,rice yield under intermittent irrigation was lower than that under submerged irrigation,and plant height,tiller number,LAI,dry matter accumulation,rice yield,and evapotranspiration were all restrained.Average irrigation amounts were higher in drought years compared to wet and normal years,while average drainage,leakage,and plant height were lower.Average evapotranspiration of paddy fields was lower in drought years compared to wet years but higher than in normal years,while tiller number,LAI,dry matter accumulation,and rice yield were lower in drought years compared to normal years but higher than in wet years.
基金项目
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2019251/NY)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2021299/NY)
国家自然科学基金委员会-中华人民共和国水利部中国长江三峡集团有限公司长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2040213)
维普
万方数据