The construction of deep excavations inevitably disturbs surrounding strata,particularly causing excessive surface settlement which can significantly threaten nearby buildings.It is essential to study surface settlement in ex-cavations.To enhance current research on characterizing functions and indicators for surface settlement,we employ the skewed distribution function to describe surface settlement,and propose a set of indicator system applicable to excavations by scrutinizing the characterizing indicators of the settlement curves.On this basis,we put forward a skewed distribution function for predicting surface settlement.The applicability and effectiveness of the skewed dis-tribution function as well as the indicator system and the prediction function in describing excavation-induced sur-face settlement are validated through analyzing two practical engineering projects.Findings demonstrate the rational-ity of the skewed distribution function in describing excavation-induced surface settlement.The characterizing indi-cator system,with explicit and implicit indicators at its core,takes into consideration the settlement curve envelope area,the maximum surface settlement and its location.Regression and prediction using the skewed distribution function demonstrate a close alignment between predicted settlement curves and actual data,confirming the func-tion's rationality and applicability for describing surface settlement in excavations.
维普
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