[Significance]Fine-grained sedimentary rock laminae represent the fundamental and distinctive unit structures in the inner layer of semi-deep and deep-lake basins,typically with a thickness of less than 10 mm.Its material composition,continuity,and geometry play an important role in the restoration of paleo-environmental changes and sedimentary mechanism.With the development of unconventional oil and gas production,mang scholars have identified diverse types of laminae in lake basins,complex sedimentary mechanisms,and numerous controlling factors that significantly impact shale oil and gas enrichment,development,and production.Therefore,further research into the fine-grained sedimentary rock laminae structure can offer valuable insights for unconventional oil and gas exploration.[Progress]Through the process of discovery,identification,and research on laminae,genetic mechanisms for clay mineral laminae,felsic laminae,calcareous laminae,and organic-rich laminae were determined respectively.Additionally,the coupling relationship between different environmental conditions and priority develop-ment types of laminae was summarized while expounding on the control effect of single factors on laminae.It is proposed that fine flocculation reaction serves as an explanatory theory for hydrodynamic-induced laminar formation which challenges conventional understanding that laminae are solely caused by continuous suspension settlement in still water.[Conclusions and Prospects]Influencing factors of laminae deposition were classified into four catego-ries:paleoclimatic factors,palaeogeographic conditions,palaeogeological events,and other factors.During lamina deposition,different influencing factors may promote or inhibit each other,and their combination controls the material composition,continuity,and geometric featuresofthe laminae.The accurate inversion of laminae formation by using the perfect model will be the main research direction in the future,providing guidance for the further study of laminae structure in fine-grained sedimentary rocks and the research and application of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.
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