全国统一大市场建设:"十四五"进展、"十五五"改革举措与展望
Building a Unified National Market:Progress during the 14thFive-Year Plan Period,Reform Measures and Outlook for the 15th Five-Year Plan Period
刘志彪 1孔令池1
作者信息
- 1. 南京大学长江产业发展研究院 江苏省南京市鼓楼区汉口路22号 210093
- 折叠
摘要
"十四五"以来,全国统一大市场建设的目标由争议转为共识,思路从体系拓展至大市场,重点由商品市场转向要素市场,方法论从"先破后立"转变为"破立并举",建设手段从着重硬件转向突出软件,但仍面临诸多制度性改革方面的挑战.本文主要从纵向"央地关系"的视角,探讨在"十五五"期间如何持续深化改革,破除制度障碍,以推动全国统一大市场建设取得更大的进展.当前央地立法权、人事任免权和考核权、事权和财权以及司法权的分配状况,在一定程度上切实阻碍了全国统一大市场的建设进程,其根本原因在于,行政性分权与经济性分权之间的协调有待进一步改革和加强.展望"十五五",建设全国统一大市场应当通过区域一体化引领、要素市场化配置改革带动、央地关系重塑以及高标准市场经济体系建设来加以推进.具体措施涵盖构建跨行政区合作发展新机制、完善要素市场运行机制、推进央地关系法制化建设、推动地方政府财权与事权对称化改革、推进司法化改革、推进产业政策透明化和中央化以及推进高标准市场基础与环境建设等.但需注意行政性集权并非目的,不能抑制地方的积极性和灵活性.
Abstract
Since the 14th Five-Year Plan was implemented,consensus has replaced controversy regarding the goal of building a unified national market.The thinking has expanded from the system to the national market,the focus has shifted from the commodity market to the factor market,the methodology has changed from"breaking first and then establishing"to"breaking and establishing simultaneously,"and the emphasis on means has shifted from hardware to software.However,there are still many challenges facing institutional reform.This paper mainly explores from the perspective of the vertical central-local relationship how to continue the reform and remove institutional obstacles during the 15th Five-Year Plan period to achieve greater progress in building a unified national market.This paper points out that the current allocation of legislative power,personnel appointment and removal power and assessment power,administrative and financial powers,and judicial powers between the central and local governments has,to a certain extent,hindered this process.The fundamental reason lies in the need for further strengthening the coordination between administrative decentralization and economic decentralization.Looking forward to the 15th Five-Year Plan period,we should continue to build a unified national market through regional integration,market-oriented allocation of factors,the reshaping of the central-local relationship,and a high-standard market economy.Specific measures include building a new mechanism for the collaborative development of different administrative regions,improving the operation mechanism of the factor market,promoting the legalization of the central-local relationship,symmetrically reforming local governments'financial and administrative powers,advancing judicial reform,promoting the transparency and centralization of industrial policies,and building a high-standard market foundation and environment.In conclusion,during the 14th Five-Year Plan period,China has achieved certain results in building a unified market.Looking into the 15th Five-Year Plan period,we may consider reform the vertical central-local relationship,but it should be noted that administrative centralization is not the goal and cannot inhibit the enthusiasm and flexibility of localities.
关键词
全国统一大市场/纵向央地关系/全面深化改革/"十五五"规划Key words
A Unified National Market/Vertical Central-Local Relationship/Comprehensively Deepening Reform/The 15th Five-Year Plan引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据