摘要
以三聚氰胺(Melamine)、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈(HAPCP)为原料,采用水热法制备富含氮、磷、氧元素的交联产物,通过炭化-活化法制备碳基材料,将其用作锌离子混合电容器的阴极材料.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、氮气吸-脱附实验(N2 adsorption-desorption)对碳基材料的形貌、结构以及化学成分进行表征分析.测试结果表明:碳基材料表面多孔粗糙,具有无定形碳结构,且含有氮、磷和氧原子.HAPCP与三聚氰胺物质的量比为1:5且活化温度为800 ℃的碳基材料(HMAc-800)在0.5 A·g-1电流密度下的比电容高达390 F·g-1.以HMAc-800为阴极、锌片为阳极组装的锌离子混合电容器在能量密度139 Wh·kg-1时功率密度达456 W·kg-1,具有良好的储能能力.
Abstract
In this work,via a hydrothermal process,melamine and hexa-p-aldehyde phenoxycyclotriphosphazene(HAPCP)were used as raw materials to prepare the cross-linking product rich in nitrogen,phosphorus,and oxygen,which was subsequently carbonized and activated to obtain the carbon-based electrode material for cathode of zinc-ion hybrid capacitors.The morphology,structure,and chemical composition of the carbon-based electrode material were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Raman spectroscopy,and nitrogen adsorption-desorption test.The experiment indicated that the prepared carbon-based material had a porous and rough surface morphology,amorphuous carbon structure,and contained nitrogen,phosphorus,and oxygen heteroatoms.The resultant product with a HAPCP/melamine molar ratio of 1:5 and an activation temperature of 800℃(HMAc-800)exhibited a specific capacitance of 390 F·g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A·g-1.The zinc-ion hybrid capacitor,assembled with HMAc-800 as the cathode material and a zinc sheet as the anode,delivered a power density of 456 W·kg-1 at an energy density of 139 Wh·kg-1,demonstrated a strong energy storage capacity.
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