首页|激光增材制造中残余应力形成机理、表征及调控方法的研究进展

激光增材制造中残余应力形成机理、表征及调控方法的研究进展

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • 万方数据
激光增材制造可以实现高性能复杂金属构件的一体化直接成形,但该过程中存在的非均匀温度梯度分布、微熔池的近快速凝固、原位热处理效应以及非平衡固态相变、微观结构的不均匀性等会产生复杂的残余应力,严重影响成形构件质量和综合性能.因此,本文围绕激光增材制造残余应力,首先介绍了残余应力的基本定义、分类及产生原因;然后针对激光增材制造过程中残余应力的特殊性、形成机理、表征方法及调控方法的研究现状进行了系统的综述,介绍了残余应力的表征方法及其特点,并说明了各方法的适用性及优缺点,总结了调控残余应力的方法可分为后处理调控和原位处理调控;最后,展望了研究激光增材制造残余应力的产生原因和演化机制应考虑几类应力的叠加效应.残余应力的表征应采用多种方法结合,相互辅助验证.为避免成形过程中应力集中影响成形质量以及避免后处理对构件精度产生影响,应重点研究原位调控残余应力的方法.
A critical review on residual stress in laser additive manufacturing:formation mechanism,characterization and control method
Laser additive manufacturing(LAM)enables the integrated direct formation of high-performance metallic components with complex geometry.However,the non-uniform distribution of temperature gradients,in-situ heat treatment effects,non-equilibrium solid phase transformations,and heterogeneous microstructure during the process result in intricate residual stresses that significantly affect the quality and overall performance.A comprehensive review of residual stress in LAM by introducing its fundamental definition and classification is provided in this paper.Furthermore,the particularity,formation mechanisms,characterization methods,and regulation techniques associated with residual stress in LAM is systematically reviewed.The subsequent sections introduce various characterization methods for residual stress in LAM components,along with their respective characteristics.Additionally,the applicability,advantages,and disadvantages of each method are presented.Furthermore,the methods for controlling residual stress can be categorized into post-treatment control and in-situ treatment control.Finally,the joint effect of different types of residual stress should be considered in the study of the cause and evolution mechanism of residual stress in LAM.The characterization method of residual stress should be integrated with various methods to facilitate mutual verification.To mitigate the impact of stress concentration on the printing process and resultant quality,as well as minimize the influence of post-processing stress on part accuracy,it is imperative to investigate in-situ control methods for residual stress and explore real-time online monitoring techniques for LAM.

laser additive manufacturingresidual stressresidual stress characterizationfinite element simulationresidual stress control

王瑞鑫、陈超越、徐松哲、帅三三、胡涛、李霞、王保军、王江、任忠鸣

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上海大学 材料科学与工程学院 省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室,上海 200444

激光增材制造 残余应力 残余应力表征 有限元仿真 残余应力调控

国家重点研发计划项目国家自然科学基金项目国家自然科学基金项目国家自然科学基金项目上海市自然基金面上项目800所科技创新基金项目省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室、上海市钢铁冶金新技术开发应用重点实验室自主课题上海市科学技术委员会项目

2021YFB370250252127807520011915227103523ZR1421500SPMI2022-06SKLASS2022-Z1019DZ2270200

2024

10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000823

材料工程
中国航发北京航空材料研究院

材料工程

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.78
ISSN：1001-4381
年,卷(期)：2024.52(7)