Abstract
Polyetheretherketone(PEEK)has been recognized for its immense potential in hard tissue repair appli-cations due to its mechanical properties resembling those of natural bones.However,the inherent bioin-ertness of pristine PEEK results in insufficient osseointegration.Moreover,implant-associated infection(IAI)has become a serious threat in orthopedic surgery.These risks usually lead to implant loosening,delayed healing,and even the failure of implantation,hampering many clinical applications of PEEK.In this study,we present a facile strategy to endow PEEK implants with enhanced osseointegration and pH-responsive antibacterial activity.Briefly,pristine PEEK was first treated with mixed acids to obtain a porous structure(referred to as SNPEEK),and then the metal-phenolic networks(MPN)coating was prepared using layer-by-layer(LbL)assembly consisting of Sr2+and tannin acid(TA)(referred to as ST coating).The results demonstrated that the dual-functional PEEK displayed enhanced antibacterial activ-ity in pH-responsive manner.At pH 7.4,the antibacterial ratios were 71.72％and 66.79％against Staphylo-coccus aureus(MSSA,ATCC 25,923)and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA,ATCC BAA-40),respectively.Remarkably,at pH 5.5,the antibacterial activities significantly increased,resulting in killing ratios of 99.98％and 100％,respectively.Furthermore,the dual-functional PEEK promoted osteogenic dif-ferentiation of pre-osteoblasts(MC3T3-E1)and migration of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells(HUVECs).In addition,the dual-functional PEEK demonstrated effective anti-infection ability and desir-able new bone formation ability in vivo compared to both pristine PEEK and SNPEEK implants.Overall,this study provides a promising strategy to endow PEEK implants with effective osseointegration and anti-infective ability,representing a prospective solution to address current clinical challenges associated with PEEK implants.
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