Superhydrophobic Sponge Coated with Polybenzoxazine and ZnO for Oil-Water Separation
The discharge of industrial and daily life waste water,as well as the oil leakage not only cause serious environmental disaster but also the waste of resources.Superhydrophobic sponge is a kind of ideal materials of separating and recovering oil/water mixture.Herein,benzoxazine based on re-newable cardanol and dodecamine(Cd-D)was synthesized,then ZnO micro-/nano-structure and Cd-D were successively coated on the surface of melamine sponge(MS)by a simple hydrothermal process and dip-coating method to prepare superhydrophobic MS(PCd-D/ZnO/MS).A water contact angle(WCA)of 153.6° could be obtained when the concentration of Zn(NO3)2 was 0.03 mol/L and the mole ratio of Zn(NO3)2 and HMTAwas 1:2 prepared at 95℃ for 4 h.PCd-D/ZnO/MS exhibited a high oil absorption ca-pacity(48.19～113.44 g/g)for organic solvents and oils with a rapid absorption rate.In addition,polyben-zoxazine and ZnO(or MS)could form multiple interactions(including hydrogen bond,coordination bond,chemical bond,etc.),which made the coating be firmly adhered to the MS skeleton and thus endowed PCd-D/ZnO/MS excellent reusability.PCd-D/ZnO/MS could maintain superhydrophobicity and 96.6％of initial adsorption capacity after 30 cycles,the WCA of the modified MS could reach 147.3° with an absorp-tion retention of 92.6％after 100 cycles.With the help of vacuum pump,PCd-D/ZnO/MS could be used for continuous oil/water separation with a separation efficiency of above 90％.Moreover,PCd-D/ZnO/MS showed excellent resistance to strong acid,alkali and salt,and then still displayed superhydrophobicity even being immersed in NaOH solution for 30 days.In summary,PCd-D/ZnO/MS not only possessed a simple,safe and economical preparation processe but also exhibited excellent oil-water separation ability,reusability and resistance to acid,alkali and salt,which made PCd-D/ZnO/MS a promising oil-water sepa-ration material.
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