Research progress on graphite oxide-based anodes for sodium-ion batteries
Anode materials are pivotal in sodium-ion batteries'cycle stability and energy density,constituting a fundamental component.Graphite,a widely utilized material in lithium-ion batteries,faces challenges in sodium-ion batteries due to the substantial Na+radius and complexities in embedding within the graphite interlayer.This leads to diminished sodium storage capacity in both ether electrolytes.However,through oxidation,graphite can be transformed,expanding the spacing of graphite layers and enhancing the sodium storage sites.This process substantially improves the sodium storage capacity,giving rise to graphite oxide materials that have garnered considerable attention.This study reviews the advancements in graphite-based anode materials for sodium-ion batteries,mainly focusing on reduced graphite oxide materials.It discusses the preparation process of graphene oxide,the impact of reduction pathways on sodium storage performance,the sodium storage mechanism of reduced graphene oxide,and the influence of various functional groups on sodium ion mass transfer.Furthermore,it delves into the research progress of heteroatom-doped reduced graphene oxide as sodium-ion battery anode materials,emphasizing the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of N,S,and B-doped reduced graphene oxide.Comprehensive analysis indicates that the practical application of graphite-based anode materials in sodium-ion batteries is poised for realization by preparing reduced graphene oxide and heteroatom doping.
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