Thermal management system for power battery in high/low-temperature environments
Thermal characteristics have an important impact on the performance of electric vehicles.Low-temperature environments greatly affect the capacity and lifespan of lithium batteries,whereas high-temperature environments can lead to thermal runaway.In order to ensure the safe and efficient operation of lithium batteries in high-and low-temperature environments,this study proposes a thermal management system that takes into account high and low temperatures.By disassembling a battery's heat storage module,which is composed of thermal insulation materials and phase change materials,heat dissipation and heat preservation can be realized in high-and low-temperature weather.Modeling and simulation were done using Star CCM+software.The research results showed that the static time of the power battery was maintained above 0℃ for up to 17 h after discharging at different rates.The holding time of the power battery at low temperature was increased by about eightfold compared with the condition without thermal management,and the holding time was increased by nearly threefold compared with the holding time when phase change materials were used alone,and the need to add an insulation layer was verified.In practical applications,it was shown that an electric vehicle could be started directly after parking,which would prevent frequent preheating.Under high-temperature conditions,removing the heat storage module and using air cooling for heat dissipation saves energy and further strengthens the system's capacity for heat dissipation.After discharging at a 1C—3C rate,the maximum temperature of the battery pack after the addition of the thermal management heat dissipation system was reduced by 34%,42%,and 48%,respectively,compared with the maximum temperature of the battery pack without heat dissipation measures,and the addition of fins had a significant effect on the cooling of the battery.The maximum temperature at the 1C—3C discharge ratio was 4.8%,5.4%,and 6.7%lower than that without fins,respectively.The higher the discharge ratio,the greater the heat dissipation effect.
electric vehiclesbattery thermal managementphase change materialsheat pipesheat preservation
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