Transient overvoltage protection design and circuit development for energy storage lithium-ion battery modules
Transient overvoltages in power systems can cause voltage fluctuations and affect the safe and stable operation of electrochemical energy storage stations during grid integration.Research on fire incidents involving electrochemical energy storage systems has revealed inadequate transient overvoltage protection capabilities for lithium-ion battery modules.This study proposes a transient overvoltage protection circuit design for energy storage lithium-ion battery modules by examining the performance of passive overvoltage surge protection devices.Furthermore,this study involves device selection,coordination design,and experimental testing to develop a multi-level step-down and cascaded voltage regulation self-breaking function for a battery module overvoltage protection circuit.Results indicate that for a 12 V lithium-ion battery module,the designed protection circuit gradually limits the voltage and dissipates energy under common-and differential-mode inputs with peak values of 500 V,1 kV,2 kV,and 4 kV and a waveform of 1.2/50 μs impulse overvoltage.The circuit suppressed the voltage amplitude at the input battery module ports up to 15.2-26.4 V.Steady-state DC overvoltage testing showed that the module voltage stabilized to 12 V when the port voltage was below 26.5 V.When the port voltage exceeded 26.5 V,the cut-off function isolated the lithium-ion battery module.This study contributes to the realization of effective transient overvoltage suppression and steady-state DC overvoltage breaking and stabilization functions for lithium-ion battery modules.
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