Cathode catalysts for Li-CO2 battery:Development and challenges
With the increasing energy crisis and worsening greenhouse effect,the development of Li-CO2 batteries holds significant promise as a next-generation energy storage device with high efficiency and CO2 utilization.The operation of Li-CO2 batteries involves complex multiphase reactions coupled with electron/substance transfer,primarily occurring at the cathode.Therefore,the design and synthesis of effective cathode catalysts are crucial for enhancing battery performance.This study reviews the advantages of Li-CO2 batteries as new energy storage devices and examines their electrochemical reaction mechanisms.The key challenges,such as the large potential gap,rapid capacity degradation,and poor cycling stability are discussed.This review focuses on cathode material research and outlines the key conditions for high-efficiency catalysts.Among the conventional catalysts,such as carbon-based non-metallic,noble metal,and transition metal,the emerging single-atom catalysts(SACs)and redox mediators are highlighted,demonstrating excellent catalytic performance as proven via characterization and theoretical calculations.Considering the future challenges in Li-CO2 batteries,more research should be done in SACs to promote continuous technological progress in this field.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
