Analysis of risk factors for poor prognosis of adult post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction
Objective To analyze the risk factors for poor prognosis in the patients with post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction(PTOD).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 625 patients with brain trauma admitted and treated in the neurosurgery department of this hospital from August 2020 to October 2022.The patients were followed up in 2 weeks and 6 months after discharge respectively,and divided into the poor prognosis group and good prognosis group according to the improvement of UPSIT score.The risk factors affecting the prognosis was analyzed.Results There were 117 patients with PTOD and the incidence rate was 18.9％.The prognosis in 50 patients was good and which in 67 cases were poor.The un-ivariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the gender,history of hyperten-sion,injury site,complicating frontal lobe contusion,age and length of hospital stay between the poor progno-sis group and good prognosis group(P＜0.05).The multivariate analysis results indicated that the advanced age(OR=1.138,95％CI:1.076-1.204,P＜0.001),long hospitalization time(OR=1.229,95％CI:1.064-1.420,P=0.005),occipital impact(OR=9.123,95％CI:2.175-38.276,P=0.003)and complicating fron-tal lobe contusion(OR=16.255,95％CI:3.267-80.869,P=0.001)were the independent risk factors for poor prognosis in the patients with PTOD.Conclusion For PTOD patients with occipital impact and compli-cating frontal lobe contusion at the time of injury,it is even more necessary to provide reasonable and effective treatment programs to promote the recovery of olfactory function.
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