摘要
随着城市规模不断扩大,交通拥堵、长时间通勤等城市病越发显现.多中心是应对城市交通问题的重要规划理念,理清其交通绩效的内涵,梳理多中心结构实现良好交通绩效的路径,可以为大城市解决交通问题提供理论依据.在文献回顾的基础上,从尺度、功能、形态和联系4个方面概括了多中心的内涵,从交通过程和交通结果两个角度总结了多中心交通绩效的表征.提出了多中心结构实现良好交通绩效的理论路径,即"功能疏散—交通分散—职住平衡—交通流组团化—通勤距离减少—交通拥堵缓解",并指出功能疏散和职住平衡是其中的关键机制.在此基础上,进一步剖析了多中心交通绩效实证研究中存在的分歧点.最后,从理论整合、网络思维、动态评价和实施路径等4个方面,提出未来研究的展望.
Abstract
With the continuous expansion of urban scale,urban diseases such as traffic congestion and long commuting have become increasingly apparent.Polycentricity serves as a pivotal planning concept in tackling urban traffic challenges.A clear understanding of its impact on traffic performance and outlining the pathways to achieve optimal traffic performance through a polycentric structure can establish a theoretical foundation for addressing urban traffic issues in major cities.Building on a literature review,this paper summarizes the connotations of polycentricity from four perspectives,including scale,function,form,and connections.Additionally,it delineates the evaluation index of traffic performance of polycentricity,encompassing both traffic processes and their resultant outcomes.A theoretical approach is proposed to achieve optimal traffic performance through a polycentric structure,encapsulated in the sequence of"functional dispersion,traffic dispersal,jobs-housing balance,traffic flows in groups,reduction of commuting distances,alleviation of traffic congestion",emphasizing the critical mechanisms of functional dispersion and jobs-housing balance.Furthermore,it delves into the discrepancies present in empirical studies on traffic performance of polycentricity.Lastly,it outlines future research prospects,focusing on theoretical integration,network thinking,dynamic evaluation,and implementation pathways.
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