摘要
共生院是北京老城更新中近年来探索中的老城保护复兴的新路径之一,空间如何共生是当下急需探讨的话题.研究基于拟剧论提出两个假设:"共生院存在空间前后台与情感前后台";"存在帷幕且帷幕的位置会发生变化".通过问卷统计验证了前述两个推论,得出公共空间的活动意愿度大于私密空间;活动类型的意愿度按照休闲活动、常规互动、节庆活动、日常活动依次下降;居民在活动中对个体角色身份的重视:教授他人意愿度最高,被看居中,共同参与最低.空间、活动、角色交叉构成的情境影响居民前后台的选择意愿.研究据此提出共生院存在"前台—帷幕—后台"模型,将其运用于共生院空间分析,得出院门处和户门处两处防止"入侵"的基础帷幕,以及更为机动和隐形的"妨碍"式帷幕.据此为历史街区共生院模式建设和文旅开发提供参考与建议.
Abstract
Shared courtyard is one of the new ways explored in recent years for the conservation and revitalization of Beijing's old city,and how the space can be shared is a topic that needs to be urgently explored nowadays.This paper suggests the"Front region Curtain Backstage Model"for the shared courtyard based on Goffman's Dramaturgical Theory.It builds hypothesis that there are spatial and emotional front region and backstage settings in the courtyard,as well as a movable curtain.The study verifies these twoinferences through questionnaire statistics,and concludes that the willingness of public space is greater than that of privatespace;the willingness of activity types decreases according to leisure activities,regular interactions,festival activities,andeveryday routines;and the residents emphasize their roles and identities in activities:the willingness to teach others is thehighest,to be watched is in the middle,and to participate together is the lowest.The situations composed of space,activity,androle influence residents'willingness to choose front and backstage.Lastly,the study utilizes the model to examine the real-lifepractices of shared courtyard space,identifying two basic curtains at the courtyard gate and the household gate to prevent"intrusion",as well as a more mobile and invisible"obstruction"type of curtain between these two.we hope to providereferences and suggestions for the regeneration of shared courtyard models and cultural tourism development within historic districts.
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