摘要
为实现体系化规划进而提升防灾效益,通过文献梳理和政策文件比较,完善基本概念—类型体系—空间体系—规划建设方法层面的认知:概念上明确了平急两用公共基础设施的本质是社会性基础设施与应急服务设施的兼容,重点是完善应急服务功能;类型上提出完整覆盖应急服务需求的八大类别的类型体系;空间上提出基于国土空间规划构建"省域—市县域—中心城区"的设施空间层级体系;布局上考虑安全、公平、效率的原则提出"现状评估—需求分析—选址布局"的方法.总结提出平急两用公共基础设施应着力强化其类型和空间体系的完备度,系统性地发挥该类设施在应急服务和韧性提升中的作用.
Abstract
To achieve effective systematic planning and enhance disaster prevention benefits,this paper delves into the basic concepts,classification,spatial systems,and construction methods through literature review and comparison of policy documents.Regarding the concepts,it clarifies that the essence of DUPF lies in integrating so-cial infrastructure with emergency service facilities,focusing on improving emer-gency service functions.For classification,the study proposes an eight-category sys-tem to comprehensively address emergency service needs.In terms of spatial sys-tems,a hierarchical structure of facilities is suggested,based on national land plan-ning,encompassing provincial,municipal,and urban levels.For spatial layout,the method of"current assessment—demand analysis—site selection"is proposed with consideration of the principles of safety,equity,and efficiency.Finally,the paper con-cludes that dual-use public infrastructure planning should focus on strengthening the completeness of its types and spatial systems,and systematically enhancing its role in emergency services and resilience.
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