Utilizing the FVCOM-SWAVE wave-current coupling model,this study numerically simulated the hydrodynamic characteristics of the Ningbo sea area under the influence of Typhoon"In-fa".The results indicate that the astronomical tidal current field in this region exhibited typical semi-diurnal tide characteristics.The water flow in the Ningbo sea area was primarily a reciprocating flow from northwest to southeast,with flow velocities reaching up to 2.0 m/s during spring tides.At Daxie Terminal,although the flow velocity remained relatively stable due to the advantageous terrain,rapids were prone to formation locally.Due to the superposition of Typhoon"In-fa"and astronomical tides,coastal and terminal areas faced the threat of storm surge,with Daxie Terminal experiencing particularly severe water level increases,which reached up to 139.0 cm.Extreme waves significantly impacted Hangzhou Bay and the Ningbo sea area.However,Daxie Terminal is protected by island barriers,which mitigated the overall wave impact.Before and after the typhoon's landfall,the changes of flow field in Hangzhou Bay were dramatic,forming vortices and increasing flow velocities.In contrast,Daxie Terminal was mainly affected by tidal currents,which necessitated vigilance regarding local vortex-induced scour and erosion on the terminal's seabed.This study provides crucial hydrodynamic environment reference for sedimentation and disaster prevention and mitigation at Daxie Terminal of Ningbo Port.
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