Evaluation method of urban subway operation performance for the integrated development of public transportation
Urban subway is an important component to the alleviation of urban traffic congestion and the promotion of intensive transport structure,but the construction and operation costs are extremely high.The proliferation of subway networks has led to a substantial decrease in bus ridership.Oriented to the joint development of subway and bus,the slacks-based measure(SBM)model was used to comprehensively assess subway operation performance,which considered the negative impact of subway construction on bus ridership decline.Additionally,the global Malmquist-Luenberger(GML)index was applied to continuously monitor the changes in subways operational performance year by year.The influence of external factors,such as urban economic development,scale development,and competition from private cars,was also analyzed with Tobit model.Based on the panel data of 31 cities in China from 2018 to 2021,the proposed SBM model revealed that the cities with larger scales and higher passenger flow intensity generally exhibit better operation performance.Except in 2020 against pandemics,comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency of urban subway operation have steadily increased over the years,while pure technical efficiency has been decreased due to the decrease in resource utilization.The main characteristic of ineffective subway operation is a serious decline in bus ridership,indicating the urgency to strengthen the integrated development of subway and bus.GML index calculates dynamic subway operation performance between years,finding that the total factor productivity of subway operation has declined by an average of 2.8%per year,which is mainly attributed to the reduced rate of technological progress during the pandemic.The Tobit model further finds that the urban built-up area has a significant positive effect on subway operation performance.This paper comprehensively identified the bottleneck to subway development under the background of the integration of subway and bus,and provided a theoretical and methodological foundation,to enhance the leading and facilitating role of subway in urban public transportation.
urban subwayperformance evaluationslacks-based measure(SBM)modelglobal Malmquist-Luenberger(GML)indexTobit model
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
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