摘要
前列腺病变是中老年男性常见的疾病之一.双能CT(DECT)通过一次扫描可获得高低两种不同X线能量的投影数据,与传统CT相比,对物质的分离及鉴别能力明显提高.DECT不仅可提供病变与组织器官的常规解剖信息,通过后处理还可获得虚拟单能谱影像、虚拟去钙影像、有效原子序数图、碘图、电子云密度图等能谱影像,并衍生出碘浓度、标准化碘浓度、能谱衰减曲线斜率等相关定量参数,进一步评估病变组织的功能变化,有助于前列腺病变的早期发现、定性及定量评估.诸多研究证明,DECT在前列腺病变的诊断及鉴别诊断、术前分期及质子治疗等方面已展现出较大的应用潜力.本文就DECT在前列腺病变的研究和应用进展进行介绍,展望未来的研究方向.
Abstract
Prostate lesions are common in middle-aged and elderly men.Dual-energy CT(DECT)can capture projection data at high and low X-ray energies in a single scan,significantly enhancing its ability to differentiate substances compared with traditional CT.DECT not only provides routine anatomical information of lesions,tissues,and organs,but also generates virtual single-energy spectral images,virtual decalcification images,effective atomic number diagrams,iodine maps,electron cloud density maps,and other energy spectral images through post-processing.Additionally,DECT derives relevant quantitative parameters such as iodine concentration,standardized iodine concentration,and slope of the energy spectrum decay curve,aiding in the functional evaluation of diseased tissues.This capability is crucial for the early detection and qualitative and quantitative evaluation of prostate lesions.Numerous studies have shown that DECT has great potential for the differential diagnosis of prostate lesions,preoperative staging,and proton therapy.This article reviews the research and application advancements of DECT in prostate lesions and explores future research directions.
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